General surgeon As the name suggests, a general surgeon is a generalist who possesses an overall base of knowledge and understanding about anatomy, surgical procedures and post-operative care. Cardiothoracic surgeon Surgeons who specialize in procedures involving the heart, lungs, esophagus and other organs within the chest fall under this category. Neurosurgeon A neurosurgeon focuses on conditions affecting the central and peripheral nervous system of the body. Oral and maxillofacial surgeon Dentists often refer patients to oral and maxillofacial surgeons for treatment requiring surgery on the mouth and jaw.
Obstetric and gynecological surgeon Women experiencing high-risk pregnancies or encountering other reproductive health issues may see a surgeon specializing in this type of care.
Otolaryngology surgeon When treatment involving the ears, nose or throat is needed, an otolaryngology surgeon will be called. Ophthalmic surgeon Specially trained to perform surgery on the eyes, ophthalmic surgeons handle procedures such as removing cataracts, repairing detached retinas, reshaping corneas, treating glaucoma and performing laser surgery.
Oculoplastic surgeon Oculoplastic surgeons specialize in procedures involving the eye socket, eyelids, tear ducts and face near the eyes. Pediatric surgeon This surgical specialty is focused on caring for children. Plastic surgeon Plastic surgeons focus on the repair of defects to the skin and the underlying musculoskeletal structure of the body. Colon and rectal surgeon These surgeons specialize in health issues related to the colon, rectum and intestinal system.
Orthopedic surgeon Orthopedic surgeons cover a broad range of issues related to the musculoskeletal system, including treatment of muscles, joints, bones, arteries and skin. Trauma surgeon Trauma surgeons step into action when severely injured patients are rushed in to the emergency room.
Urological surgeon Providing treatment for the male genitourinary and female urinary systems, urological surgeons offer procedures for a variety of conditions such as incontinence, kidney stones and cancers.
Vascular surgeon This type of surgeon treats conditions affecting veins and arteries. Bariatric surgeons To help people fight obesity, bariatric surgeons perform different types of surgery, including gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric bands.
Podiatric surgeons When suffering from feet or ankle issues, this is the surgical specialist you may be referred to. Orthopedic hand surgeon The human hand is a very intricate system, which is why some surgeons specialize solely in procedures involving the hand, wrist and forearm.
Transplant surgeon The science of transplanting an organ from a donor to another patient is a complicated one, so it requires a particular type of surgeon. Endocrine surgeon These surgeons are specialists in procedures to treat disorders of the endocrine glands, most often the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands and adrenal glands.
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Contact Information Email Address Please enter your email address. As is often the case for surgical specialties, complicated cardiothoracic procedures require the support of well-resourced hospitals, notes DiMaio.
But those institutions tend to be clustered in metropolitan regions. Urology is one surgical specialty being stretched thin. He notes that three of the six most common cancers in men — bladder, kidney, and prostate — are all urologic. Another shortage hitting rural areas hard is general surgery. Many routine surgeries performed in emergency departments, from abscess removals to appendectomies, are often handled by general surgeons, says Patrick Bailey, MD, medical director for the American College of Surgeons ACS.
And in rural hospitals — many of which have closed in recent years — general surgeons are vital. The ability to provide this kind of treatment requires a substantial knowledge of cardiorespiratory physiology and oncology, as well as capability in the use of extracorporeal circulation, cardiac assist devices, management of cardiac dysrhythmias, pleural drainage, respiratory support systems, endoscopy, and other invasive and noninvasive diagnostic techniques.
Society of Thoracic Surgeons. The American Board of Thoracic Surgery. As a result of their extensive training and experience, colon and rectal surgeons develop the knowledge and skills necessary to diagnose and treat various diseases of the intestinal tract, colon, rectum, anal canal, and perianal area through medical and surgical means.
They are also able to deal surgically with other organs and tissues such as the liver, urinary, and female reproductive systems involved with primary intestinal disease. A colon and rectal surgeon has expertise in diagnosing and often managing anorectal conditions in the office, such as hemorrhoids, fissures painful tears in the anal lining , abscesses, and fistulae infections located around the anus and rectum.
Colon and rectal surgeons also treat problems of the intestine and colon and perform endoscopic procedures to detect and treat conditions of the bowel lining, such as cancer, polyps precancerous growths , and inflammatory conditions. Colon and rectal surgeons also perform abdominal surgical procedures involving the small bowel, colon, and rectum, including treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as chronic ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, and cancer.
Training in colon and rectal surgery also provides the surgical specialist with an in-depth knowledge of intestinal and anorectal physiology, which is required for the evaluation and treatment of problems such as constipation and incontinence loss of bowel control. Colon and rectal surgeons are committed to the highest standards of care for patients with diseases that affect the lower gastrointestinal tract. American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons.
American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery. A specialist in obstetrics and gynecology is a physician who has been trained to provide medical and surgical care for the pregnant patient, to deliver babies, and to provide medical and surgical care to treat conditions that affect the female reproductive system.
All of these physicians are also trained in health maintenance and preventative care for women, and they have a particular knowledge and skills that enable them to serve as consultants to physicians who practice in other areas of medicine. American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. A Gynecologic Oncologist is a specialist trained in the comprehensive management of patients with gynecologic cancer—cancers that affect the female reproductive system.
Surgeons practicing in this specialty study these conditions, which differ significantly in the cause, prevention, detection, treatment, and survival rates. Society of Gynecologic Oncologists. Society of Surgical Oncology. Neurological surgery is the discipline of medicine and the specialty of surgery that deals with the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of disorders of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems, including their supporting structures and vascular supply.
Neurological surgery involves the evaluation and treatment of pathological processes that modify the function or activity of the nervous system, including the pituitary gland. American Board of Neurological Surgeons. American Association of Neurological Surgeons. An ophthalmologist is concerned with the comprehensive care of the eyes and vision, and is the only medical practitioner who is medically trained to diagnose and treat all eye and visual problems.
Ophthalmologists provide vision services glasses and contact lenses , treat medical disorders of the eye, and perform surgical procedures for treatment. American Board of Ophthalmology. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are trained to recognize and treat a wide spectrum of diseases, injuries, and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws, and the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region. They are also trained to administer anesthesia, and provide care in an office setting.
They are trained to treat problems such as the extraction of wisdom teeth, misaligned jaws, and tumors and cysts of the jaw and mouth, and to perform dental implant surgery. American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Orthopaedic surgery is a surgical specialty that is specifically devoted to the care of the musculoskeletal system.
This system includes bones, joints, muscles, associated nerves, arteries, and the overlying skin. Much of the orthopaedic surgeon's practice involves the performance of surgical procedures, but many conditions are treated medically or physically through the use of braces, casts, splints, or physical therapy.
For many physicians, general surgery is a stepping-stone to numerous different career paths. Responsible for the comprehensive management of trauma victims and critically ill patients. They also perform hernia repairs and biliary system surgeries. Those with the appropriate training also address traumatic injuries. Issues of the colon, rectum, anal canal, and perianal area are often handled by to a colon and rectal surgeon. As the ACS explains, surgeons in this field also deal with other organs and tissues, often in collaboration with other specialists.
Performs operations—including abdominal surgical procedures—to address these problems. This may include robotic surgery to dissect within the pelvis. Performing colonoscopies is also common. Also handles surgical emergencies, such as bleeding within the brain and sudden compression of the spinal cord. According to the American Board of Surgery ABS , critical care surgeons focus on patients who have acute, life-threatening or potentially life-threatening surgical needs. These fellowship-trained specialists have particular expertise in injuries resulting from trauma, burns, operation, infections, acute inflammation, or ischemia.
Performs exploratory surgeries, chest wall stabilizations, appendectomies, and bronchoscopies as well as nonoperative techniques.
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